Although this field is relatively unheard of, it is possible to categorize the kind of efforts an amateur particle physicist can do within, say, the financial capability of a middle-income person.
In order to get good particle tracks, consider the following exploitable experimental methods (this list is not exhaustive):
- Design the type of cloud chamber that suits what you want to find (Are you looking for neutron reactions? Cosmic ray events?): There are many ways to do this, and emerging DIY technology may be implemented to ease construction: 3D printing, laser cutting, etc.
- Design electronic particle detectors that is able to recreate "tracks" and all its associated information through computing.
- Develop modern method of photography of cloud chamber tracks.
- Software development for image recognition of cloud chamber photographs. (this is something very common in amateur astronomy, both commercial and free)
- Development of data analysis software associated to the point above so you could work out the statistics of the observed event.
- Designing and usage of particle accelerators (if you are interested in studying the nuclear structure of "large nucleus"): DIY-possible particle accelerators may include early designs such as Van der Graaff accelerators, Cockroft-Walton accelerators, and cyclotrons.
- Optimisation of geometry, time, and techniques, to increase chances of observing events.
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